Malnutrition-Inflammation-Atherosclerosis (MIA Syndrome) in ESRD Patients

Malnutrition, inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis are common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. All these parameters are the causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. It is known that ESRD patients had a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokine and serum C-reactive protein. MIA syndrome was defined as the interaction between increased pro-inflammatory cytokine and malnutrition and atherosclerosis in ESRD patients by Stenvinkel et al in 2000.

As the components of MIA syndrome increase, the morbidity and mortality increase and survival decreases in ESRD patients. For this reason it is supposed that morbidity and mortality would decrease and survival would increase with the treatment of malnutrition, inflammation and atherosclerosis.